Alan Mathison Turing (1912–1954) was a British mathematician, logician, and pioneer of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence, best known for formalizing the concepts of algorithm and computation with the Turing machine and for his crucial wartime work in cryptanalysis at Bletchley Park. Early life and education Alan Turing was born on 23 June 1912 in Maida Vale, London, and grew up in a family connected to the British civil service and colonial administration. From an early age he showed a strong aptitude for mathematics and logical reasoning, though his educational experi...