China

Ko China he whenua nui kei Raki o Ahia Tītaha, e mōhiotia ana mō tōna hītori tawhito, tōna ahurea whakahirahira, me tōna pūtea me te hangarau e tipu haere ana i te ao whānui.

Whakamārama me te Tūāpapa

Kei te raki o Ahia Tītaha te whenua o China, e takoto ana i waenganui i ngā rohe o te Moananui-a-Kiwa me ngā maunga o Himaui, e tata ana ki ngā whenua e 14, tae atu ki India, Russia, Mongolia, me Vietnam. Ko Beijing tōna tāone matua, ā, ko te reo Putonghua te reo tuwhera e whakamahia ana e te nuinga o te taupori. E tata ana te taupori o China ki te kotahi miriona e waru rau mano mano tāngata, e whai wāhi ana ki te 18% o te taupori ao. He whenua whānui tēnei, e mau ana i ngā momo taiao rerekē, tae atu ki ngā papa whenua nui, ngā awa roa pērā i te Awa Kōura me te Yangtze, me ngā rohe pōuriuri o te Roto Tarim. Ko te kāwanatanga he kāwanatanga kotahi e whakahaeretia ana e te Rōpū Komunisti o Haina, e arotahi ana ki te whakapakari i te pūtea, te hanganga ōkiko, me te hauora o te whenua.

Hītori

E tino roa ana te hītori o China, e whakaatu ana i ngā wā o ngā iwi tawhito i te Uta o te Awa Kōura i te wā o ngā Karauna Xia, Shang, me Zhou. I te tau 221 BC, i herea e Qin Shi Huang ngā whenua maha ki raro i tētahi mana kotahi, e whakauru ana i te pānui, te tapeka, me te reo. I muri mai, ka tipu haere ngā karauna pērā i te Han, te Tang, me te Song, e whakapakari ana i te tikanga, te hokohoko, me te hangarau. I te 1912, ka mutu te rangatiratanga, ā, i te 1949, ka whakatūria te Manene o Haina e Mao Zedong i muri i te pakanga tūturu. Mai i te 1978, i whakatinanahia e Deng Xiaoping ngā whakahoutanga pūtea me te kati atu i ngā rohe, e whakapiki ana i te tipu pūtea, te hangarau, me te hononga ki te ao. I ngā tau kua pahure nei, kua whakawhanakehia hoki e China ngā kaupapa pūtaiao, te hangarau matihiko, me te whakawhitinga iwi mā te kaupapa "Ngā Ara Hou".

Ngā Wāhanga Matua me te Hanganga

E wehea ana te whenua ki ngā rohe kāwanatanga maha, tae atu ki ngā pirihana 23, ngā rohe māori 5, ngā tāone matua 4 (Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing), me ngā rohe whakahaere motuhake e rua (Hong Kong me Macau). Ko te pūtea he mea nui mō te ao, e whakaputa ana i ngā huānga hanga, te hangarau matihiko, te huarahi rere, me ngā kai. Ko te hunga Han te nuinga o te taupori, engari e noho tahi ana rātou ki ngā iwi māori e 55, e whakarato ana i te rerekētanga ahurea, reo, me ngā tikanga. Ko te pānui, te toi, te waiata, me ngā ariā o Confucius, Daoism, me Buddhism he wāhanga nui o te ahurea. E whakahaerehia ana hoki e te kāwanatanga ngā kaupapa hauora, mātauranga, me te tiaki taiao, e arotahi ana ki te whakaiti i te hekenga o te ora, te whakawhanaketanga o ngā rohe tawhiti, me te whakamāmā i te pānga o te huringa āhuarangi.

Āhuatanga

He whenua whānui, he taupori nui, he ahurea tawhito, engari e whakamahere ana i ngā hangarau hou me ngā kaupapa pūtea. Ka kitea te hononga i waenganui i ngā tikanga tawhito me te whanaketanga o nāianei, pērā i ngā whare tawhito e tū tahi ana me ngā pourewa hangarau, me ngā tikanga kai e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā horopaki hou. Ko te kāwanatanga he mea whakahaere tika, e arotahi ana ki te whakapakari i te pūtea, te hangarite, me te tiaki taiao. E whai wāhi ana hoki ki ngā kaupapa aroha, ngā mahi hapori, me te whakawhanaketanga i ngā rohe tawhiti. Nā te nui o te taupori me te whānuitanga o te whenua, ka rerekē te āhuatanga o ia rohe, engari e whakapono ana te kāwanatanga ki te whakapakari i te kotahitanga me te whanaketanga ōrite mō ngā tāngata katoa.

Pānga me Te Tikanga

Nā te nui o te taupori me te tipu pūtea, kua whai wāhi nui a China ki te ao whānui. He mema ia o te Kaunihera Whakatau o te Whakahaere Ao, ā, e whakahaere ana i ngā mahi hokohoko, hangarau, me te tiaki taiao puta noa i te ao. Ko te kaupapa "Ngā Ara Hou" e whakawhānui ana i ngā hononga hokohoko me te hanganga ōkiko ki ētahi atu whenua, e whakapakari ana i te whakawhitinga pūtea me te hangarau. Nā tōna ahurea tawhito, kua whakawhitiwhiti ai te pānui, te waiata, me ngā tikanga kai ki ngā whenua katoa, e whakapakari ana i te māramatanga whakawhiti ahurea. E whai wāhi ana hoki China ki ngā kaupapa arowhai ao, te whakaiti i te hekenga o te ora, me te whakawhanake i ngā hangarau hou pērā i te AI, te hangarau rere, me te pūngao hou, e whakapiki ana i tōna tūnga hei whenua matua i te ao o nāianei.